Johni waivefield



@uitrit tatr betrat @fitta iJOHN WAKEFIE-LD, OF BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO ISAAC SMITH AND WILLIAM FO'IIIERGILL BARTIIO,

Letters Patent No. 72,135, dated December 10, 1867 patented in England, September 14, 1865.

ursovrn BOLT AND River-MACHINE.

TO ALL WHOM- I' MAY CONCERN:

Bc it known that I, J01IN WAKEFIELD, of Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, in the Kingdom of England, machinist, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machinery for the Manufacture of Rivets,y

Bolts, Screw-Blanks, and simlararticles; and I do'herebydeclarel the following to bc a. full, clear, and

exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drat-vings, and Yto the letters of reference.

marked thereon; that is to say- My invention consists of the arrangements or combinations of parts ofthe machinery hereinafter described for the manufacture of rivets, bolts, screw-blanks, and similar articles, by which said arrangements or` com binations, greatsimplcity in the parts of the machine is secured, with eiciency of action. My invention is applicable to the manufacture of rivets, bolts, screw-blanks, and similar articles of iron, co'pper, or other metal, v

and either hot or cold. f

I The essential part-s of the machine are thus constructed and Worked: The rod to be made Vinto rivets is fed into the machine by hand or by a feeder'of the ordinary construction, the said rod being fed through a. guideplate into movable dies, the length ot' rod being regulated by a stop in front of the dies. The movabledies described have a rising and-falling motion, and have three functions, that is, they'cut oft' the length of rod fed into theniachine,A carry the eut-oit` rod in front ofahorizorital punch or heading-die, and, finally, serve as the die in which the head of the rivet or bolt is formed.y t

As soon as the rofl has been fed to the stop, thevertical dies descend, cutting oi` the length of rod against the face ot' the guido-plate, and carry the said cut-ofi` length of rod in front of a hollow'punch or die, having a horizontal motion; the interior of the said punch or die having a figure corresponding to that to be given to the shank of thc rivet, the back end of the .said hollow die'ifbeing closed by a rod or stopper, situated in the axis of the bolt or plunger, carrying the .said hollovv die. Or. the advance of the said horizontal punch or die, .that part of the length of rod in the vertical dies which is situated `beyond the said vertical dies, is shaped by the said punch or die into the shank of the rivet or bolt. The shank of the rivet or bolt having been thus formed, the horizontal punch or die retires, carrying in its interior the partially made rivet or bolt, the said retring motion removing the end of rthe rod which had been held in the vertical dies from theusaid dies, the said end or part being sufcient to make a head. The vertical dies now rise and bring u. recess or concavity in the bottom vertical Idie of the figureA of -the head of the rivet to be made opposite the horizontal punch or die. The horif zontal punch or die again advances and shapesy or upsets' that part of 'the rod external to it in the depression or concavity in the bottom vertical die, and forms a head. The shank held in the horizontal p unch or die isthusheaded and the rivet completed. The horizontal punch or die again retires, and `the headed rivet is removed therefrom by a rod or tipper worked in the manner hereinafter explained. When the `vertical dies are in the position last described, that is, in position to have the head of the rivet shaped in the imttoull die, the opening in the said dies coincides withthat in the guide-plate, and a fresh portion ot' the rod is fed through the said dies against the stop.` On the' retiring of the horizontal punchor die, after the formation of the he ad on the rivet, the vertical dies descend and cut off afresh length of rod, and bring it in front of the horizontal punch or die, and the operations already described are repeated.

The rod or tipper for removing the finished rivet from the horizontal punch or die is constructed and worked as follows:- The `bolt or plunger, carrying the horizontal punch ordie i's hollow through the greater part of its length, and in the hollow of the said plunger, the rod or'tipper works, the front end of the said rod or tipper closing the back end of the punch or die in which the shank of the rivet is made. The back of the rod or tipper carries a eross-bar, in which a. forked slide, having a rising and falling'motion, is capable of engaging. The said cross-bar works in longitudinal slots in the sides of the plunger. When the horizontal punch or die {irst retires, after having formed the shank of the rivet, the rod or tipper moves with the plunger, but when the said punch or die retires a second time, after the formation ofthe head of the rivet, the forked `slide described descends, and engaging with the cross-bar of the. rod or tippcr, fixes the rod or tipper. The punch or die und plunger now move without the rod or tipper, and thc rivet is ejected fromthe hollow punch' or die, by coming against the end ofthe temporarily-tixed red or tippcr. On the advance of the horizontal punch venas 2 or die, to forma fresh rivet, the rod or. tipper is liberated by the rising el the ferkedslide, and again moves with the said punch and the plunger in which it is situated. u

The motion ofthe horizontal punch or die is e'ected by a crank on tho principal shaft of the machine, and the motions of the vertical dies, and also the forked slide for working the ytipper, are effected by a lever, moved by a cam on a shaft situated parallel to and worked from the principal shaft of the machine, the cam-shaft making one rotation to two rotations of the crank or principal shaft.

Having explainedlthc nature of my invention, I will proceed to describe, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the manner in which the same is to be performed. v

Figure 1 represents a longitudinal section ofra rivet-machine, constructed vaccording to my invention, and

Figure 2 is a plan of the same.

Figure 3 is a transverse section of the machincion the line A A', fig. 1,look`ing towards the crank-shaft, and

Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line X X,ig. 1, looking towards thcfeeding end ofthe machine.-

' The same letters of reference'cindicate the same parts in each ligure ofthe drawings. A t

b b are the movable dies for'cutting'oil and ,carrying the cut-off rod, and shaping the head of the rivet. The said dies have'a rising and falling motionv against lthe guide-plate@through which guide-plate the rod, d, to be made into rivets, is fed. The dies b 6 slide in `the frame e,-{see fig. 4,) and are maintained therein by the ends of thesprings ff, bearing against the edges of the dies, and the spring z, bearing upon the frontof the said dies. The said dies b b are pressed upwards and kept to their work by the cranked lever z', the'short arm of which lever is maintained against the rod'or spindle gfconnecteil with thebottom dieby the coiled spring c acting upon the longer arm of the said lever z', as represented in iig. 1. Z is an adjustable stepin front of the dies,l against which stop tue rod d, fed through theplatc 'c and dies b, bears. in is the horizontal punch or die for shaping the shank of the rivet, andv holding it while being headed.A The said punch or diem is hollow, and is made of a figure corresponding to that te be given to the shitnkiof the rivet. The said hollow' punch or dieis carried by a bolt or plunger,I @slid-ing inguides on 1the bed ofthe machine.

I In the axis of theA die m and bolt or plunger n is arod or-stoppemp, which s'toppcrfwhen the said die ni is shaping the shank of the rivet, closes the back end of the 4said die'. The said rod or stopper also constitutes the tippe;` for removingthe finished rivet from the punch o rdie 112', as hereinafter explained. q is`the main shaft ofthemachine; r r are the fast and'loos'e pull eys,.ands thely-wheel, on the' said shaft. A Below the sha-ftq, and parallel therewith, is a second-shaft, t, thesaid shafts q and t being geared together by the toothed wheels u v, the main shaft gmakingtworevolutionsjte onerevolution of the shaft t. The bolt or plunger'n,"carrying the punch or die m, is worked from'ga'erunk, guon the shaft gythe said crank being connected tothe plunger by the conneeting-1od.w. The rising and falling-motions 'of the vertical diesibl 6 are effected bythe cam :r on the shaft t, acting through the lever y, connecting-rods y'yZ, and cross-pieces The short arm of thelever l for pressing the dies b upwards, is connected by the link tothe short arm et" the lever-ry. The stopper or Ytipperp for removing the rivet from the punch or diemtis capable of moving with the die, and the plunger carrying it. The back end of thetipper carries a cross-bar, P2, working alungitudiria'lfslotmadeacross the plunger n, (see plan, iig. 2.)' Behind the said cross-bar 292 is aforked slide, P'pf, thepi'cliectingsparts, pps, being situated on either side ofthe plunger n. A rising and vfalling' motion isgiveu to the forked slide paf, by the lever y, the ends of the said slide resting onprcjeetionsp, on cithersideofpthe said lever. l l l V When the forked Aslide P327* is in the position represented in iig. 1, the cross-harp of the rod or tipper p, nieves with the die m and plunger n. lfVhcmhowever, bythe dcscentef'the long arm ofthe levervjj, the said slide falls, thc projecting parts, p3, engage behind the cross-bur p?, and 'iin-it and the said tipperp on the punch or die m and plunger n, making their return motion after the formation of the head on `thcvrivet, the said 'rivet Vcomes against thctemporarily xed rod or tipperp, audliscxpelled-frcmfthe punch or die m.

` The action of the, machine'is asv'lfolloirstThcf,rodd to made into' rivets, being fed by hand or by a self-acting feeder, through-the 2guidc-plat e` "e,.and verticaldie's b, against Vthe stop Z, thefsaid vertical` dies b descend, cutting off a length of rod against the face' cf the guide-plate c, and carrying the said cutoil` rod in front of and in a line -with the horizontal punch or die m. The cut-off' length of rod brought in front of the hri"zontal punch or die m, is marked d2 in iig. 1. On the advance of the ram n, the punch or dic mshapes the length of rod d2, heldin the dies I, into the shank of the rivet, the vstopperpbcing pushed into the punch or die m, by the advance of the said punch or die upon the eut-off length of rod d3. '.lhc shank'of'the rivet having been thus formed, -thc said punch or die retires, carrying in -itsinterior the partially-made rivet; the end of the partially-made r'ivet which had been held in the vertical dies b,'fbeing sucientto make a head'. 4The vertical\des b non" rise and bringa recess at concavity 112, in the solid partof the bottom die of the figure of thc head to be made opposite the lhorizontal punch o r dic m. Thev punch or die m advancesa second time and shapes or upsets that part of the partially-made rivet external to it in'the recess. or concavity bz in the bottom die b, and forms a head.

The`punch or die m again retires, and the finished rivet fis expelledtherefrom by the new temporarilyfixedx rod or tipperp, the said rod or tippen-,being fixed by 'the .engagement of the parts p of forked slide., behind the cross-harp, in the manner hereinbeforc explained. In order to insure the expulsion of the'hnished rivet from the punch or die-m, I use a kicker-lever, marked '2, in fig.- 2, a rod, 3, carried. by the lever terminatinginear the side of the'punch or die m. On thc retiring of the die m, after the formation ofthe head, a `pin orv plug, 4, on the cam or plunger-n, strikes against the outer ail-ui of thelever 2, and causes theV rod 3, at its opposite aren-to kick or strike the rivet as it leaves the punch or die nl. During the formation'cf the head of thc rivet by the second advance' of the punch m, a fresa: portion ofthe rodl is fed through the dies b to the lstcpsl, and on the retiring of the-punch m with 4thehca'led rivet, the sziid'rod is out oifaud carried down to the position -represented'in lig. 1 by the dies b, and the operations already described are repeated. When heated rods are being made into rivets by the machine, I prefer to keep the dies b In and punch or die m cool by a. stream of water passing through them.

v Having now described thenature ci' my invention, and the manner in which -the same is to be performed, Wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise details herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying p drawings, Thus the vert-ical dies may'have a lateral motion to and fro, instead of an ascending und descending 4motion, and the punch m may be made to move vertically instead of horizontally.' Other modiicationsff'may also be made, as, for instance, the machine may be made double cndcd or double sided, so as to produce more than one rivet at a time. This invention may also b e employed for the manufacture of bolts, or blanlbs'ereus, or other similar articles,'with heads, and all or `any of these modifications muy be carried out without departing` from the nature of my invention. But

' I claim as my inventionl of improvements in machinery for the manufacture of rivets, bolts, screw-blanks, p

and similar articles 1. The arrangement, or combination, substantially as hereinbcforedescribed, and illustrated in the accom panying drawings, ofthe vertical dies' b, for cutting off and carrying the cut-oiflength ofrod, and for shaping the head of the rivet or boit, with the horizontal punch or die m for shaping the shank of the rivet or bolt,V

and upsetting the end of the rivet or holt into a head in the vertical dies.

p 2. The arrangement or combination of parts hcrcinbcforc described, 'and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, for giving motion to the said vertical dies I1 b, and horizontal punch o'r die lm.

v 3. The arrangement or combination of parts hercinbcforc describefhand illustrated in the `accompanying drawings, for removing the finished rivet or bolt fromthe horizontal punch or die.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set mynamc in presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

' JOHN WAKEFIELD.

Witnesses:

RICHARD Summum, 7 Camion Street, Birmingham.

HENRY SKERRETT, 7 Cannon Street, Birmingham.

as the same may bic varied without departing from the nature of my invention. 

